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How does CBG work?
Is CBG Intoxicating?
How does CBG work?
Our bodies have a built-in endocannabinoid system which aids in the balance of our mental and physical equilibrium. Every available cannabinoid has varying effects on the body and on the endocannabinoid system, and CBG has been found to be one of the more universally beneficial.
Clinical Research
Is CBG Intoxicating?
How does CBG work?
Extensive clinical research and University studies have been, and are on-going about the potential health benefits of CBG. Please refer to our blog for individual study Highlights.
Is CBG Intoxicating?
Is CBG Intoxicating?
Is CBG Intoxicating?
Simply put, No. Perhaps one of the most interesting observations from studies on CBG noted that in larger doses, CBG interferes strongly with the psychoactive feelings that THC causes the body, overpowering the neuro-inhibiting effects that THC produces when consumed in high-doses.
What is Cannabigerol (CBG)?
What is Cannabigerol (CBG)?
First discovered in Israel in 1964 by marijuana researchers Yehiel Gaoni and Raphael Mechoulam aiming to unlock the therapeutic benefits associated with the newly discovered neurobiological endocannabinoid system, Cannabigerol or CBG is best known as the “Mother Cannabinoid,” that is one of the many dynamic compounds extracted from the cannabis plant. It has been discovered that all cannabinoids found in cannabis plants are derived from cannabigerolic acid (CBGA), a non-psychoactive or hallucinogenic precursor phytocannabinoid, hints the maternal nickname. As the cannabis plant and its resins matures in flower, CBGA, which is the acidic form of CBG, is converted by plant enzymes into unique ratios of the three major cannabinoid precursors: tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA), cannabidiolic acid (CBDA), and cannabichromenic acid (CBCA). From the amounts of CBGA that are not converted into these precursors, or any of the other minor cannabinoids, CBG is formed. Once exposed to heat or light in a process known as decarboxylation, THCA, CBDA, and CBCA will shed their carboxyl acid group and become THC, CBD, and CBC, respectively.
Potential therapeutic benefits of Cannabigerol?
Potential therapeutic benefits of Cannabigerol?
As further studies unfold in unlocking the vast medicinal potentials within phytocannabinoids, there are multiple revealing scientific studies available that highlight the broad-spectrum therapeutic potentials for CBG. Various international scientific studies have revealed use cases for many predominant ailments. As an anti-proliferative and antitumor agent in preventing cancer cell growth, CBG combats the negative effects of common cancer treatments as an appetite stimulant and anti-depressant assisting patients with a heightened sense of wellbeing. Effective in pain management as an analgesic by relaxing muscles and preventing spasms, while serving as a novel anti-inflammatory in treating multiple sclerosis. As an anti-bacterial being effective against Gram-negative organisms found in many common pathogens. CBG also demonstrates therapeutic benefits as a neuroprotectant and brain cell stimulant in battling degenerative neurological diseases like Huntington’s disease while offering pressure relief in ocular diseases like glaucoma and relief in oxidative stress associated with inflammatory bowel conditions.
How does CBG work?
How does CBG work??
CBG works by influencing the endocannabinoid system within our bodies. The endocannabinoid system is a complex collection of receptors (CB1 and CB2 receptors), chemicals called endocannabinoids, and enzymes. Endocannabinoids are compounds that our bodies produce. They bind with CB1 and CB2 receptors. Their role is to help regulate many of our physiological functions and maintain a state of internal balance. CB1 receptors are primarily in the nervous system and brain. CB2 receptors are elsewhere in the body, mainly in the cells of the immune system. Many different endocannabinoids can bind with these receptors, but the most well-known are anandamide (AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG). AEA binds primarily with CB1 receptors, and acts very much like a neurotransmitter, affecting our cognitive function and mood. On the other hand, 2-AG binds with CB1 and CB2 receptors, provoking an anti-inflammatory effect. The cannabinoids in the cannabis plant also can bind with these receptors due to their similar molecular shape. THC binds with CB1 receptors, altering the way you think and getting you high. CBG does not bind with these receptors easily but does influence the way that they react with other cannabinoids. Research has shown that CBG binds primarily with CB2 receptors. It has also shown that, in high doses, it could block other compounds from binding with CB1 receptors.
CBG Production
CBG Production
The largest stumbling block to CBG’s realization as a common therapeutic treatment is the cost of its production. CBG is thought to be one of the most expensive cannabinoids to produce, in order to obtain higher yields of CBG within cannabis, specialist plant breeders have begun experimenting with genetic manipulation and crossbreeding in hopes of reducing production costs. Most hemp strains only contain minute percentages of CBG, whereas there are now hemp strains that contain 20 percent CBD in the crop. If the CBG content of the same crop is only 1 percent, that means you need to extract 20 times the amount of biomass to get the same amount of CBG out.
CBG Production
CBG Production
CBG also presents a problem to cultivators. The longer that a cannabis plant matures, the more chance there is that the CBGA and CBG present in the strain will be converted into other cannabinoids like THC/(A) and CBD/(A). This leaves cultivators with a choice: either grow cannabis with the express purpose of producing CBG, meaning that you can harvest the crop early before this conversion completes; or allow the crop to fully mature, so that some of the crop can be sold for other purposes, but the rest will have a lower CBG content for extraction.
CBG Production
CBG Production
As well as requiring larger amounts of plant material compared to THC or CBD extraction, CBG extraction also requires the use of specialized production equipment. Due to the low levels of CBG present in cannabis strains, the chromatography apparatus that is used to isolate and purify CBG extracts needs to be as precise as possible, in order to not necessitate using even more raw cannabis or hemp material than is absolutely needed. The cost of this high-performance chromatography apparatus can be a high, up-front production cost for processors who may not already operate this equipment in their standard processing procedures.
CBG Processing
CBG Drying and Curing
Cannabigerol (CBG), a prominent cannabinoid found in the cannabis plant, requires careful drying and curing processes to maintain its potency and effectiveness. The drying and curing process is critical in stabilizing the cannabinoid profiles and preventing the degradation of CBG into other cannabinoids. After harvesting, the cannabis plants are typically hung or laid out in a controlled environment to dry. This environment must be carefully managed for temperature, humidity, and light exposure to ensure that the delicate CBG and other cannabinoids do not degrade. The drying process usually takes about a week, during which moisture is gradually removed from the plant material. Following drying, the curing process begins, which involves storing the dried cannabis in airtight containers, often for several weeks. During this phase, the containers are regularly opened to allow for air exchange and to prevent mold growth. Proper curing not only preserves CBG levels but also enhances the overall flavor and aroma profile of the cannabis. This meticulous process is essential to produce high-quality CBG products and is a key step in the preparation of CBG-rich cannabis for consumer and medicinal products..
CBG Product Types
CBG Flower
Top cola flowers will have the highest cannabinoid and terpene levels, and tends to be the largest, so this forms the bulk of the A grade flower. These flowers are often tested for “best case” potency results, this is where you will see 12% to 20% CBG claims. Larger buds from elsewhere on the plant form the bulk of B grade flower. These will typically be 8% to 16%+ for good quality smoke-able flower. Shake or trim and popcorn buds form the bulk of what is generally called “trim”. This material is often 6%+ whereas whole plant biomass from the same plant may only be 5% to 14%. This material can be ideal for pre-rolls and other manufacturing.
Post-harvest processing includes the handling, trimming, drying, and curing all of which are of paramount importance when producing premium smoke-able flower. Top shelf buds will combine the best form factor with bag appeal (visual appearance), nose and potency (cannabinoid and terpene profile). The quality of smoke-able flower should be on par with premium medical/recreational buds.
CBG Product Types
CBG Extract
CBG Extract is utilized in the formulation of oils, tinctures and smokeable forms. This Extract is the key ingredient in CBG oils and could theoretically be used in the formation of several other products, including wax concentrates, like other products offered among CBG wax and shatter concentrates. CBG Extract is made via chromatography. This process passes evaporated hemp Extract into a medium in which all the different cannabinoids (CBG, THC, etc.) are isolated to be separated manually and remain within minimum laboratory specifications for errors. This is one of the most advanced methods for generating pure cannabinoid concentrates and is certainly one of the cleanest methods.
CBG Product Types
CBG Isolate
CBG isolate powder is utilized in the manufacturing of other concentrate products. CBG Isolate looks and feels similar to powdered sugar and comes in a concentration of 99% purity. CBG isolate powder could theoretically be utilized to make gummies, capsules, topicals, and other forms of concentrates, including shatter, and any other product for which CBG isolate powder is a base product. This powder is commonly isolated from the other cannabinoids among the full spectrum through refinement from hemp.
CBG Product Types
CBG Consumer Packaged Goods (CBG)
The rise of CBG-infused CPGs reflects a growing interest in the wellness potential of cannabinoids beyond CBD and THC. Manufacturers are increasingly exploring CBG due to its promising applications and the expanding body of research supporting its benefits. This interest is partly driven by consumers who are becoming more educated and curious about the various components of the cannabis plant and their unique effects. As the market for CBG-infused products expands, it also faces regulatory scrutiny and the need for more comprehensive research. The challenge for producers and retailers lies in navigating these regulations, ensuring product quality, and educating consumers about the distinct properties and benefits of CBG. Despite these challenges, the CBG market is poised for growth, with its appeal to health-conscious consumers looking for natural, plant-based alternatives in their wellness routines.
CBG Laboratory Analysis and Safty
CBG Laboratory Analysis (COA)
The importance of laboratory analysis or Certificate of Analysis (COA) for CBG products cannot be overstated in the cannabis industry. A COA is a document, usually issued by an accredited laboratory, that certifies the specific cannabinoids profile, including the concentration of CBG, and ensures that the product meets specified standards in terms of potency and purity. This analysis is crucial for verifying that the CBG content claimed on the product label is accurate, which is essential both for consumer safety and for meeting regulatory requirements. Additionally, laboratory testing checks for the presence of contaminants such as pesticides, heavy metals, and residual solvents, which are critical for consumer health, particularly for medical patients who might use these products. The COA also typically includes information about other cannabinoids present, terpenes profile, and may test for microbial contaminants. For producers and consumers alike, the COA is a cornerstone of trust and transparency in the cannabis market. It ensures that CBG products are not only effective but also safe and consistent in quality, fostering consumer confidence and supporting the credibility of the cannabis industry as a whole.
CBG Laboratory Analysis and Safty
CBG Genetic (DNA) Analysis
Laboratory genetic testing is a vital tool in the cannabis industry, particularly for identifying plant lineage and genetic varieties. This technology involves analyzing the DNA of cannabis plants to trace their ancestry and determine their specific genetic makeup. It helps in precisely identifying the plant's lineage, which is crucial for understanding the characteristics and cannabinoid profiles of hybrid strains. Additionally, genetic testing identifies unique genetic signatures, categorizing plants into different varieties or chemotypes. This is especially important for developing strains high in specific cannabinoids like CBG.
The use of genetic testing aids breeders in creating new strains with desired traits by selecting parent plants based on their genetic markers. It also ensures consistency in cultivation, crucial for maintaining quality, particularly in medical cannabis. Furthermore, genetic testing protects against mislabeling and fraud in the commercial market by verifying the authenticity of cannabis strains. Overall, laboratory genetic testing is indispensable for advancing the understanding and utilization of cannabis, enhancing product development and quality control in the industry.
CBG Laboratory Analysis and Safety
CBG Quality Control and Life Saftey
Laboratory analysis and the provision of a Certificate of Analysis (COA) for CBG and other cannabis-related products are essential for health and life safety for several reasons:
- Purity and Potency Verification: The COA ensures that the product contains the advertised amount of CBG and is free from harmful levels of contaminants. This is crucial for consumers, especially those using these products for specific health conditions, as they rely on accurate labeling to manage dosage and efficacy.
- Contaminant Screening: Cannabis plants can accumulate heavy metals, pesticides, and other harmful chemicals from the soil or during cultivation and processing. Laboratory testing checks for these contaminants to ensure the product is safe for consumption. Ingesting or inhaling contaminated cannabis products can lead to serious health issues, including organ damage, neurological problems, and increased risk of cancer.
- Prevention of Microbial Contamination: Cannabis products can also harbor harmful microorganisms like bacteria and fungi. These can be particularly dangerous for immunocompromised individuals, potentially leading to serious infections. Laboratory analysis includes microbial testing to ensure the product is free from such pathogens.
- Consistency and Reliability: For medical patients using CBG products for therapeutic purposes, consistency in cannabinoid content is vital. Inaccurate or inconsistent cannabinoid levels can lead to ineffective treatment or unexpected side effects. Laboratory analysis ensures each batch of the product is consistent with its labeling.
- Regulatory Compliance: Many jurisdictions have strict regulations governing the production and sale of cannabis products. Laboratory testing and COAs are often legal requirements to ensure consumer safety and to maintain industry standards.
- Consumer Confidence: Providing a COA builds trust between consumers and manufacturers. It assures consumers that the products they are using are rigorously tested and meet high safety standards, which is especially important in an industry that has battled with public perception issues.
FDA Health and Safety Delta-8 Warnings
FDA Health and Life Safety Delta-8 Warnings
The FDA received 104 reports of adverse events in patients who consumed delta-8 THC products between December 1, 2020, and February 28, 2022. Of these 104 adverse event reports:
- 77% involved adults, 8% involved pediatric patients less than 18 years of age, and 15% did not report age.
- 55% required intervention (e.g., evaluation by emergency medical services) or hospital admission.
- 66% described adverse events after ingestion of delta-8 THC-containing food products (e.g., brownies, gummies).
- Adverse events included, but were not limited to: hallucinations, vomiting, tremor, anxiety, dizziness, confusion, and loss of consciousness.
National poison control centers received 2,362 exposure cases of delta-8 THC products between January 1, 2021 (i.e., date that delta-8 THC product code was added to database), and February 28, 2022. Of the 2,362 exposure cases:
- 58% involved adults, 41% involved pediatric patients less than 18 years of age, and 1% did not report age.
- 40% involved unintentional exposure to delta-8 THC and 82% of these unintentional exposures affected pediatric patients.
- 70% required health care facility evaluation, of which 8% resulted in admission to a critical care unit; 45% of patients requiring health care facility evaluation were pediatric patients.
- One pediatric case was coded with a medical outcome of death.